原文出自：Eur J Clin Nutr. 2005 Aug 24; [Epub ahead of print]
多发性硬化症是一种中枢神经系统的慢性炎性疾病。少突胶质细胞损害，继而轴突脱髓鞘为本病特征。多发性硬化症的免疫病理学的不同病理机制包括免疫介导炎症、氧化应激、兴奋毒等。增加膳食中饱和脂肪酸可加重多发性硬化症。多发性硬化症患者细胞抗氧化防御系统功能下降可引起多不饱和脂肪酸、抗氧化剂缺乏。对多发性硬化症动物模型实验性变态反应性脑脊髓炎进行多不饱和脂肪酸、抗氧化剂治疗可减轻本病临床症状。低分子量抗氧化剂可从不同方面支持细胞抗氧化防御系统，包括自由基清除、干扰基因转录、蛋白表达、酶活性、金属络合。多不饱和脂肪酸不仅通过与免疫细胞的相容而具有免疫抑制作用，而且可影响多发性硬化症的细胞功能。抗氧化剂、多不饱和脂肪酸可通过影响特定发病机制减轻多发性硬化症症状并有利于治愈多发性硬化症。
Antioxidants and polyunsaturated fatty acids in multiple sclerosis.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Oligodendrocyte damage and subsequent axonal demyelination is a hallmark of this disease. Different pathomechanisms, for example, immune-mediated inflammation, oxidative stress and excitotoxicity, are involved in the immunopathology of MS. The risk of developing MS is associated with increased dietary intake of saturated fatty acids. Polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and antioxidant deficiencies along with decreased cellular antioxidant defence mechanisms have been observed in MS patients. Furthermore, antioxidant and PUFA treatment in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis, an animal model of MS, decreased the clinical signs of disease. Low-molecular-weight antioxidants may support cellular antioxidant defences in various ways, including radical scavenging, interfering with gene transcription, protein expression, enzyme activity and by metal chelation. PUFAs may not only exert immunosuppressive actions through their incorporation in immune cells but also may affect cell function within the CNS. Both dietary antioxidants and PUFAs have the potential to diminish disease symptoms by targeting specific pathomechanisms and supporting recovery in MS.
